the Toulmin model 툴민 모델.ppt
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- 2008.01.19
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소개글
영어학 - argument : The Toulmin model
목차
1. Goals of this chapter
2. Introduction of Stephen Toulmin
3. Introduction of the Toulmin Model
-1. A Diagram of the Toulmin Model
-2. Claim / Support / Warrants
-3. Backing / Rebuttal / Qualifier
4. Exercise Question
5. Conclusion
본문내용
1. Our goals in this chapter
The outcomes of Argument :
Probability (Aristotle)
VS
Certainty (Plato)
2. Stephen Toulmin
Stephen Toulmin, an English philosopher and logician,
identified elements of a persuasive argument.
As a researcher and writer,
Usage of Toulmin`s model in two ways:
3. The Toulmin model
1. to identify and analyze your sources
by identifying the basic elements
of the arguments being made
2. to test and critique your own argument.
*
Stephen Toulmin, a modern rhetorician, believed that few arguments actually follow classical models of logic like the syllogism, so he developed a model for analyzing the kind of argument you read and hear every day--in newspapers and on television, at work, in classrooms, and in conversation. Toulmin`s model focuses on identifying the basic parts of an argument
Therefore,
(S)
Support
Since
(W)
Warrant
Because
(B)
Backing
Unless
(R)
Rebuttal
+
(Q)
Qualifier
(C)
Claim
3-1. A Diagram of the Toulmin Model
Therefore,
(S)
Modern traffic controllers think critically; farm boys of seventy years ago were not required to.
(W)
Since farmers of seventy years ago did not have the same demands to think criitically that modern scientists and engineers have.
(B)
Because at least two out of three had small farms and did not have to do much critical thinking.
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