Effect of Substrate Concentration and pH on Enzyme Activity
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Title: Effect of Substrate Concentration and pH on Enzyme Activity
Introduction:
Enzyme is a macromolecule that acts as biological catalyst, facilitating metabolism and other chemical reactions inside a living organism by lowering a reaction’s activation energy, or the energy needed for a reaction to occur. A protein enzyme (ex: insulin) consists of polypeptide chains, whose quaternary structure enables the enzyme to form enzyme-substrate complex. An enzyme-substrate complex is formed when the substrate attaches itself to the activation site of the enzyme, and when it is formed, reaction will take place and only the substrate will change. This is called enzyme activation. The products are released after the reaction, and the enzyme will return to its original form, ready to take another substrate in.
Sequence of amino acids, hydrogen bonds and interaction of side chains (ex: cysteine disulfide bond) determine the shape and function of an enzyme.
참고 자료
Reece, Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Jackson(2012), Campbell Biology 9th Edition, p. 152-160, 바이오사이언스 출판