Significance of Rentouhu (人頭壺) Pottery Excavated from the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Yellow River as Cultural Symbols, and the Methodology of Chinese Character Archeology

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 세계한자학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 世界漢字硏究 / 4권 / 1호
ㆍ저자명 : Ha Youngsam

목차

Abstract
1. Introduction: The Secret of Rentouhu (人頭壺)
2. 'Rentouhu' (人頭壺) in the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Yellow River
3. Bottle Gourds and the Myth of Human Origins
(1) Bottle Gourds in Myths of the Origin of Humankind
(2) Gourd in the Flood Myth
4. Etymology and Symbols of ‘Yi (壹: One)’
5. Comparison with Eastern China
(1) Petroglyphs of ‘Renmiancao (人面草)’ at Jiangjunya(將軍崖), Lianyungang(連雲港)
(2) 'Renmianniao (人面鳥)' Artefacts from Yinxu (殷墟)
6. A Cultural Studies Interpretation of the Symbol of Rentouhu (人頭壺)and Chinese Characters
References

영어 초록

This study aims to interpret the significance as a cultural symbolism of ‘rentouhu (人頭 壺),’ which is gourd-shaped earthenware with a human face sculpted on the spout and has been excavated in large quantities at the Neolithic sites in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River in China. Although there have been brief descriptions on these artefacts due to their unusual shape, there has been little discussion of their significance as a cultural symbol. This study would like to argue that this object is a visual depiction of the origin myth that ‘humankind was born from a gourd,’ a myth that is widespread in China. The narrative of the origin of humankind from bottle gourd is universal and takes various forms in the origin myths of many ethnic groups in China, including the Han Chinese. It is also closely associated with the gourd, a device that enabled humankind to survive the disaster of the Great Flood. This paper draws on graphonomic, philological, archaeological, and anthropological data to discuss the cultural implications of ‘rentouhu (人頭壺).’ In particular, by clarifying the etymology of several Chinese characters including the character ‘yi’ (壹: one), this paper analyzes the traces of the myth of the origin of humankind from the calabash implicit in the etymology. Artefacts from Yinxu (殷墟), Anyang, Henan Province showing ‘a bird’s body with a human face’ discovered in the lower Yellow River region and the petroglyphs depicting the ‘flowers in the shape of human faces’ in Lianyungang (連雲港), Jiangsu Province in the downstream area of the Huai River are also expressions of the myth of the origin of humankind and cultural symbols of ‘rentouhu.’ This study will contribute to in-depth studies of the rentouhu as well as the origins of Chinese civilization. Beyond this, it will contribute to proposing a methodology of ‘Chinese character archeology,’ a convergence study involving graphonomy, philology, anthropology, and archeology.

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