AUTOMOBILE OWNERSHIP, TRAVEL BEHAVIOR AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN NEO-TRADITIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENTS 논문

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 대한교통학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 대한교통학회지 / 48권
ㆍ저자명 : AsadJ.Khattak

한국어 초록

Many planning researchers and practitioners believe that individuals rely on automobiles partly to travel from place to place in conventional communities because land uses in the United States are separated and spread out. By contrast, when certain design features such as higher development densities and continuous sidewalks are combined with the mixed land uses typically found in neotraditional communities, many expect residents of these communities to shed their vehicles, drive less and walk and bike more, and have more physical activity. Although previous research has supported the view that neo-traditional developments result in more walking activity, this talk will empirically answer several questions about such developments: Do residents of these neighborhoods substitute walking for driving trips, or do they make more trips overall? What is the role of self-selection of residents in these developments? This paper aims to address these questions by examining differences in travel behavior in a matched pair of neighborhoods (one conventional and one neo-traditional) in Chapel Hill and Carrboro, North Carolina. A detailed behavioral survey of 453 households and two-stage regression models suggest that single-family households in the neo-traditional development make a similar number of total trips, but significantly fewer automobile trips and fewer external trips, and they travel fewer miles, than households in the conventional neighborhood, even after controlling for demographic characteristics of the households and for resident self-selection. The findings suggest that households in the neo-traditional development substitute driving trips with walking trips.

영어 초록

Many planning researchers and practitioners believe that individuals rely on automobiles partly to travel from place to place in conventional communities because land uses in the United States are separated and spread out. By contrast, when certain design features such as higher development densities and continuous sidewalks are combined with the mixed land uses typically found in neotraditional communities, many expect residents of these communities to shed their vehicles, drive less and walk and bike more, and have more physical activity. Although previous research has supported the view that neo-traditional developments result in more walking activity, this talk will empirically answer several questions about such developments: Do residents of these neighborhoods substitute walking for driving trips, or do they make more trips overall? What is the role of self-selection of residents in these developments? This paper aims to address these questions by examining differences in travel behavior in a matched pair of neighborhoods (one conventional and one neo-traditional) in Chapel Hill and Carrboro, North Carolina. A detailed behavioral survey of 453 households and two-stage regression models suggest that single-family households in the neo-traditional development make a similar number of total trips, but significantly fewer automobile trips and fewer external trips, and they travel fewer miles, than households in the conventional neighborhood, even after controlling for demographic characteristics of the households and for resident self-selection. The findings suggest that households in the neo-traditional development substitute driving trips with walking trips.